Modi, during his address, also outlined several actionable proposals, beginning with the creation of a G20 Global Traditional Knowledge Repository, noting India’s rich heritage in traditional medicine and wellness. Such a database, he said, would help preserve collective wisdom and contribute to global health.

Reaffirming India’s long-standing support for Africa, the Prime Minister said the continent’s progress is essential for global prosperity. He pointed that the African Union attained permanent G20 membership during India’s presidency and proposed a G20–Africa Skills Multiplier Initiative, aimed at training one million certified trainers in Africa within the next decade.

Modi also pitched the formation of a G20 Global Healthcare Response Team — a pool of medical experts from member countries that can be rapidly deployed during health emergencies and natural disasters.

Addressing the growing threat of narcotics, especially fentanyl, he called for a G20 Initiative on Countering the Drug–Terror Nexus, stressing the need to dismantle the “wretched economy” that fuels both terrorism and the drug trade.

While G20 representatives meet throughout the year, the annual leaders’ summit is the marquee moment. According to South African officials cited by Al Jazeera, 42 countries and organisations have confirmed participation.

US President Donald Trump is notably absent, boycotting the event over allegations that South Africa “mistreats white people”.

South Africa, which took over the G20 presidency in December 2024, continued the focus on development issues, especially those pertinent to Africa. The summit priorities are — strengthening disaster resilience and response; ensuring debt sustainability for low-income countries; mobilising finance for a just energy transition; and harnessing critical minerals for inclusive growth and development.-Agencies